At the United Nations Millennium Summit in 2000, 189 Member States adopted the Millennium Declaration and pledged to reach the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). They range from halving extreme poverty to halting the spread of HIV/AIDS and providing universal primary education, all by the target date of 2015 – form a blueprint agreed to by all the world’s countries and all the world’s leading development institutions. They have galvanized unprecedented efforts to meet the needs of the world’s poorest.
more about the Millennium Development Goals
The MDGs in Jordan
UNDP in partnership with the Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation and in close consultations with other UN agencies, national authorities and the civil society, prepared Jordan’s first national MDG report which was launched in October 2004.
The report was prepared based on 2002 data and shows Jordan’s progress towards the Millennium Development Goals. It gives an overview of achievements as well as what challenges remain for reaching the targets by 2015.
MDGs for Jordan
The Jordan's Millennium Development Goals report showed that country is on the right track toward meeting most of the MDG targets. However, attention should be focused on achieving those targets by the remaining, most challenging percentages and on addressing national priorities, such as reducing the poverty rates based on the national poverty line which is higher than US $ 1/day, quality of health and education services which are more of an issue than access, and quality of water and its networks.
Support to MDG monitoring
In order to build the national capacity in tracking progress towards the MDGs and the formulation of evidence based policy, UNDP Jordan has been involved in improving the quality and enhancing the poverty and social statistics produced by the official statistics office in Jordan: the Department of Statistics (DOS). UNDP worked on capacity building of DOS on data collection, analysis and dissemination by supporting the establishment of a Social Statistics Unit at the Department and recently a Gender Statistics Unit; providing learning activities and technical training on statistical software and report writing; improving the Household Income and Expenditure Survey to include MDG and Human Development indicators and improving metadata; improving communication with data users through organizing formal and informal user group meetings; digitizing and setting up an archiving system at DOS whereby all historic documents are now digitized.
Integrating MDGs within National Priorities
In 2006 Jordan released the National Agenda and the “We are all Jordan” documents, which set the vision for development planning. This vision was operationalized into a three-year National Executive Programme specifying policies, programmes and projects for government institutions. UNDP supported the integration of MDG indicators within those plans, namely those related to social welfare: health care, poverty reduction and education, and the programme now includes nationalized indicators.
UNDP will ensure continous monitoring of this programme by supporting and building capacity of the Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation (MoPIC), which is in charge of their monitoring and evaluation. A quick capacity assessment of the MoPIC and the Ministry of Social Development (MOSD) in strategic planning has been conducted early 2005 and hands- on training has been conducted to incorporate MDG indicators within the National Executive Programme over three rounds of sessions in 2006 and 2007.
Local MDG Initiatives
National documents and indicators revealed that regional disparities in Jordan are an issue. UNDP Jordan Country Office has been involved in local MDG initiatives in two out of 12 governorates in Jordan.
Aqaba and Zarqa governorates have been identified as areas of focus for UNDP Jordan. Aqaba is a governorate with a special zone which is focusing on growth and investment but remains with significant poverty and environmental problems. Zarqa is the governorate most stricken by poverty among all, with social and environmental problems as well. Local level planning is not as developed as national planning, which is highly the result of the centralized system in Jordan. The local MDG Report of Aqaba has been launched in April 2008 while the first draft of the Zarqa report has been prepared. The process of preparation of the report involved local organizations in both governorates and included consultations with CSOs.
Tracking Jordan's Progress Towards the MDGs
GOAL 1: ERADICATE EXTREME POVERTY AND HUNGER
| Target 1: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day |
|
Indicators
|
1992
|
1997
|
2015
|
State of Goal Achievement
|
State of Supportive Environment
|
| Proportion of families whose per capita daily income is less than $1(*a, b) |
6.6 |
3.7 |
3.3 |
On track |
Well developed |
| Poverty gap ratio (incidence x depth of poverty) (million Dinars) |
61.5 |
185 |
|
| Share of poorest quintile in national consumption (20% of the population expenditure) |
6.5% (1990) |
7.6% |
10% |
Source: Ministry of Social Development, Report on Poverty in Jordan:
Reference Paper, Table 1, p.12.
(a) The global indicators states: “Proportion of population below $1 per day (PPP-Values)” however, the available poverty studies dating back to 1992 were calculated on the basis of households and not individuals. Thus, the figures provided here represents indicators of abject poverty
(b) Data for 1990 is unavailable.
| Target 2: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger |
|
Indicators
|
1992
|
1997
|
2015
|
State of Goal Achievement
|
State of Supportive Environment
|
| Prevalence of underweight children (under-five years of age) Weight to Age (Underweight) |
6.4 |
4.4 |
|
On track |
Well developed |
| Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (a) |
61.5 |
185 |
|
| Weight to Height (Wasting) (b1) |
2.8 |
2.0 |
|
| Height for Age (Stunting) (b2) |
5.3 |
8.5 |
|
Source: Department of Statistics, Population and Family Health Surveys, 1990, and 2002
(a) Figures are not available for this indicator.
(b) Indicators (b1) and (b2) could be used as indicative indicators for malnutrition.
GOAL 2: ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION
| Target 3: Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling |
|
Indicators
|
1990
|
2001
|
2015 |
State of Goal Achievement
|
State of Supportive Environment
|
| Net enrolment ratio in primary education |
91.4 |
92.0 |
100 |
On track |
Well developed |
| Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5 |
92.2 |
98.8 |
100 |
| Literacy rate of 15-24 years old |
97.4 |
98.8 |
100 |
Sources: National Center for Educational Research and Development; Department of Statistics, Manpower, Unemployment, Returnees and Poverty Survey, 1991; Department of Statistics, Manpower and Unemployment Survey, 2002.
GOAL 3: PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN
| Target 4: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005 and in all levels of education no later than 2015 |
|
Indicators
|
1989/1990
|
2001/2002
|
2005
|
2015
|
State of Goal Achievement
|
State of Supportive Environment
|
| Ratio of girls to boys in primary, secondary and tertiary education |
94.1 |
98.3 |
100 |
100 |
On track |
Well be developed |
| Ratio of literate females to males of 15-24 years old |
88.5 |
98.3 |
100 |
100 |
| Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector |
11 |
20 (2000) |
25 |
50 |
Maybe not on track |
Maybe not on track |
| Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament |
1 |
5.8 |
7.9 (a) |
|
Not on track |
Not on track |
(a) Reflects figures in upper and lower houses of Parliament as of 2004. The terms will continue until 2007.
| Target 5: Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate |
| Indicator |
1990 |
2002 |
2015 |
State of Goal Achievement |
State of Supportive Environment |
| Under-five mortality rate |
39 |
27 |
13 |
On track |
Well Developed |
| Infant Mortality Rate |
34 |
22 |
11.3 |
| Proportion of 1 year old children immunized against measles |
85 |
95.2 |
11.3 |
| Vaccine (DPT) Diphtheria, Pertusis, and Tetanus |
92.0 |
98.2(a) |
100 |
| Polio |
92.0 |
97.6(b) |
100 |
| Tuberculosis |
15.8 |
28.8 |
|
Not on track |
Needs attention |
Source: Department of Statistics, Population and Family Health Surveys, 1990, 1997, and 2002.
(a) For those who received the third dose and percentages for the second and third doses were 99.5% and 99.1% respectively.
(b) For those who received the third dose and percentages for the second and third doses were 99.9% and 99.5% respectively.
GOAL 5: IMPROVE MATERNAL HEALTH
| Target 6: Reduce by three-quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio |
| Indicator |
1990 |
1996 |
2015 |
State of Goal Achievement |
State of Supportive Environment |
| Maternal mortality per 100,000 live births |
48 |
41.4 for (1996 no data for 2002) |
12 |
Maybe not on track |
In place |
| Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel |
87 |
98.6 (a) |
100 |
On track |
Well developed |
(a) 97% of this figure was the number of births in health facilities.
GOAL 6: COMBAT HIV/AIDS, MALARIA AND OTHER DESEASES
| Target 7: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS |
| Indicator |
1990 |
2002 |
2015 |
State of Goal Achievement |
State of Supportive Environment |
| HIV prevalence among 15-24 year old pregnant women |
(a) |
|
|
Strong |
Well Developed |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate |
40.2 |
55.8 |
72 |
|
|
| Number of children orphaned by HIV/AIDS |
(b) |
|
|
(a) The prevalence of HIV/AIDS among pregnant women is unknown and there are no estimations made for the number of children infected with HIV/AIDS.
(b) Data not available. There are no officially recorded death cases. Numbers refer to cases contracted from visitors.
| Target 8: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases |
| Indicator |
1990 |
2002 |
2015 |
State of Goal Achievement |
State of Supportive Environment |
| Prevalence and death rates associated with malaria |
(C)
260 |
143 |
0 |
Strong |
Well Developed |
| Proportion of population in malaria risk areas using effective malaria prevention and treatment measures |
100 |
100 |
100 |
| Prevalence and death rates associated with tuberculosis |
14 |
7 |
0 |
| Proportion of TB cases detected and cured under DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment Short Course) |
60% |
77% |
100% |
GOAL 7: ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
| Target 9: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programs and reverse the loss of environmental resources |
| Indicator |
1990 |
2001/2 |
2015 |
State of Goal Achievement |
State of Supportive Environment |
| Proportion of land area covered by forest |
84.0 |
0.84 |
|
|
|
| Land area protected to maintain biological diversity |
0.06 |
0.14 |
|
| GDP per unit of energy use (as proxy for energy efficiency) |
0.63 |
0.56 |
|
| Carbon dioxide emissions (per capita) (plus two figures of global atmospheric pollution: ozone depletion and the accumulation of global warming gases) |
2.2
835 ton |
2.3
251 ton |
|
| Target 10: Halve by 2015 the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe Drinking water |
| Indicator |
1990 |
2001/2 |
2015 |
State of Goal Achievement |
State of Supportive Environment |
| Proportion of population with sustainable access to an improved water source |
92.8% |
97% |
|
|
|
| Target 11: Have achieved by 2020 a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers |
| Indicator |
1990 |
2001/2 |
2015 |
State of Goal Achievement |
State of Supportive Environment |
| Proportion of people with access to improved sanitation |
48% |
64% |
|
|
|
| Proportion of people with access to secure tenure (urban/rural disaggregating) |
100 |
100 |
|
GOAL 8: DEVELOPING A GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP FOR DEVELOPMENT
Jordan is facing the challneges of Goal 8 by working both on external relations and on internal poicies. Government's commitment is strong on the modernization of the economic and legal framework and of the tax system. Yet, more efforts have to be made in order to achive more effective roles and functions of all the stakeholders wihtin the development process.
Jordan Millennium Development Goals Report 2004
Jordan Millennium Development Goals Report 2004 (ARABIC)
Jordan Millennium Development Goals in Brief
Jordan Millennium Development Goals in Brief (ARABIC)